舊山岸家住宅 Former Yamagishi Family Residence
- https://www.pref.ishikawa.lg.jp/kyoiku/bunkazai/kenzoubutu/k-22.html
- 主屋建於 1840 年の家屋， 1893 年移築至現在地，是白峰地区有明確建造年代中最古老建物，主屋保留了許多伝統的住宅形式，例如厚實的黃土色土壁，用於豪雪的対応；二樓の開口部，既可用於薪柴搬入，積雪時也可當出入口。木板倉庫建於約 1845 年，海濱倉庫建於約 1866 年，味噌倉庫建於 1876 年以前 The main house, originally built in 1840, was relocated to its current location in 1893, making it the oldest building in the Shiramine district with a clearly documented construction date. It retains many traditional architectural features, such as thick, yellowish-brown earthen walls designed to withstand heavy snowfall, and a second-floor opening for firewood transport and as an entrance during snowy periods. The wooden storehouse dates from around 1845, the beach storehouse from around 1866, and the miso storehouse from before 1876.
- 旧山岸家住宅是白峰地区一棟保存完好的最上級の民家，完美地保留了伝統的住宅形式，作為現存的宅邸佈局遺例，具有極高的價值 The former Yamagishi family residence is a top-class private house in the Shiramine area that beautifully preserves traditional housing styles, and it is of great value as a surviving example of a mansion’s layout.
- 国指定重要文化財 Nationally Designated Important Cultural Property
- 主屋 Main House
- 板蔵 Wooden Storehouse
- 味噌蔵 Miso Storehouse
- 浜蔵 Hama Storehouse
- 所在地 Location
- 〒 920-2501 石川県白山市白峰72
- 72 Shiramine, Hakusan, Ishikawa 920-2501
白山ろく民俗資料館 Hakusan Folk Museum
- https://www.pref.ishikawa.jp/hakusanminzoku/index.html
- https://www.pref.ishikawa.jp/hakusanminzoku/riyou/riyou.html
- 利用案内 User Guide
- 開館時間 Opening Hours: 9:00 – 16:30
- 休館日 Closed
- 週四 Thur.、冬期休館 Winter Closure (12 / 11 – 3 / 9)
- 入場料 Admission Fee
- 一般 General: ¥ 260
- 高校生以下 Sr. High School Students & under: 無料 Free
国指定重要文化財 Nationally Designated Important Cultural Property
- 旧小倉家住宅 Former Kogura Family Residence
- https://www.pref.ishikawa.jp/hakusanminzoku/kannai/kogura.html
- 建物基本的構造是南加賀民家の代表，但外壁採用了倉庫造方式，此外，橫樑有効利用抗雪壓的弧形木材，並保留了山村民家の特色，例如內部設有馬厩和研缽室 While the basic structure of the building is typical of farmhouses found in southern Kaga, the exterior walls are constructed in the style of a storehouse. Furthermore, the house effectively utilizes curved timbers, which are resistant to snow pressure, for the rising beams, and retains many characteristics of mountain village houses, such as the inclusion of a stable and a mortar and pestle room inside.
- 建物手法方面，大部分結構構件，例如柱子都用錛子 (手斧) 進行加工，門楣並非採用傳統的鑿刻方式，而是透過安裝一種名為「付橋」的木條來形成凹槽，這些技法是江戶時代早期遺留下來的，在石川県内十分罕見 In terms of construction techniques, most of the structural members, such as the pillars, are finished with an adze (chonna, hand axe). Also, instead of carving grooves into the lintels, grooves are created by attaching a type of batten called a “tsukehibata.” These techniques are remnants of early Edo period methods and are rare even within Ishikawa Prefecture.
国指定重要有形民俗文化財 Nationally Designated Important Tangible Folk Cultural Property
- 旧尾田家住宅 Former Bita (Oda) Family Residence
- https://www.pref.ishikawa.jp/hakusanminzoku/kannai/bita.html
- 建於江戶時代末期，是一處永久性的臨時小屋，屋頂採用合掌造茅葺屋頂，屋頂延伸至地面，形成了一種獨特的「納拜」式結構 Built towards the end of the Edo period, it was a permanent temporary residence. While the roof is a thatched gassho-zukuri style, a distinctive feature is that the roof extends down to the ground, creating a unique nabai-style structure.
- 除了位於山牆側的玄関，後方佛壇旁還設有「僧侶」和「蠶」専用の出入口，體現對真宗信仰和養蚕的熱心 Besides the main entrance on the gable end of the building, there are separate entrances for the “monk” and “silkworms” next to the Buddhist altar room at the back, demonstrating the family’s devotion to Shinshu Buddhism and sericulture.
石川県指定有形文化財 Ishikawa Prefectural Designated Tangible Cultural Property
- A. 旧織田家住宅 Former Oda Family Residence
- https://www.pref.ishikawa.jp/hakusanminzoku/kannai/oda.html
- 白山市白峰的商家，這棟建物於 1905 年進行改築，並一直作為店舗使用到 1974 年 The Oda family was a merchant family located in Shiramine, Hakusan City. This building was renovated in 1905 and was used as a shop until 1974.
- 作為臨街商家，玄関處為平門，1F 前部為泥土地面，設有起居室，即店鋪；後部則設有廚房、茶室及儲藏室。再往後，主屋角屋有一座佛壇，2F & 3F 是寬敞的木地板房間，用作養蚕の作業場。此外，還在建物的山牆側增建了樓梯，以便從外部直接將資材運送至 2F Befitting a merchant house along a main road, the entrance is a flat entrance. The first floor has an earthen floor and living room on the front side, which served as the shop, while the back side has a kitchen, tea room, and storage room. The second and third floors were large, wooden-floored rooms used as silkworm rearing workshops. Additionally, a staircase was added to the gable end of the building for directly carrying materials to the second floor from outside.
- B. 旧杉原家住宅 Former Sugihara Family Residence
- https://www.pref.ishikawa.jp/hakusanminzoku/kannai/sugihara.html
- 這棟建物建於 1864 年，即江戶時代末期 The building itself was constructed in 1864, towards the end of the Edo period.
- 石川県下最大級の民家之一，外壁採用倉庫造結構，厚度達20 cm，1F 設有「庵」(客廳)，分為供家族和客人專用的「上庵」和供傭人使用的「下庵」。2F & 3F 天花板較低，橫樑較多，中柱也較少，這是為養蚕而設計的 It is one of the largest private houses in Ishikawa Prefecture, with its exterior walls constructed in the style of a storehouse, reaching a thickness of 20 cm. The first floor has an “Oma” (living room) divided into an “Upper Oma” for family and guests, and a “Lower Oma” for servants. The second and third floors have low ceilings and beams, and few central pillars, designed for sericulture.
石川県指定有形民俗文化財 Ishikawa Prefectural Designated Tangible Folk Cultural Property
- A. 旧長坂家住宅 Former Nagasaka Family Residence
- https://www.pref.ishikawa.jp/hakusanminzoku/kannai/nagasaka.html
- 1872 年建造，大多數臨時民家結構簡陋，而長坂家宅邸則是一座大型、結構堅固的民家，擁有粗壯的立柱。這是 1 棟兩層建築，專為養蠶而設計，2F 設有養蚕作業用の照明窓，牆體採用倉庫式結構，以厚厚的泥灰牆為底，外部由被稱為「tsukase」(支撐桿) 的木樁加固，以抵禦強風 Built in 1872, the Nagasaka family residence is a large, robust structure with thick pillars while most temporary farmhouses are simply constructed. It is a two-story building designed for sericulture, with lighting windows on the 2F for silkworm work. The walls are constructed in the style of a storehouse, with thick earthen plaster walls, and supported from the outside by logs called “tsukase” (support poles) to withstand strong winds.
- B. 旧表家住宅 Former Omote Family Residence
- https://www.pref.ishikawa.jp/hakusanminzoku/kannai/omote.html
- 這棟建物與通常の民家無異，但由於是家道場，其內部佈局分為内陣・外陣，家の広間被稱為「衆生の間」，用於宗教行事の場，此外，二樓窗外還懸掛著半鐘和板木。作為典型的道場，它展現了從室町時代以來傳播至白山山麓的真宗信仰的形態，因此是貴重的建物 The building itself is no different from an ordinary house, but because it is a family dojo, it has an inner and outer sanctuary in its layout, and the main hall of the house was called the “Room of All Beings” and was used for religious ceremonies. Also, a bell and wooden plaque are hung outside the second-floor window. It is a valuable building as a typical dojo that conveys the form of Shinshu Buddhism that spread to the foot of Mount Hakusan from the Muromachi period.
所在地 Location
- 〒 920-2501 石川県白山市白峰30
- 30 Shiramine, Hakusan, Ishikawa 920-2501
交通 Access
- えちぜん鉄道 Echizen Railway 勝山永平寺線 Katsuyama Eiheiji Line 勝山駅 Katsuyama Sta. + 自駕 Self-driving or 搭計程車30分 30-min by Taxi
參考文獻 References