https://www.town.hiraizumi.iwate.jp/heritage/ch/index.html
https://www.town.hiraizumi.iwate.jp/heritage/en/index.html
https://hiraizumi.or.jp/ch/index.html
https://hiraizumi.or.jp/en/index.html
世界遺産 World Heritage
- https://hiraizumi.or.jp/ch/heritage/index.html
- https://hiraizumi.or.jp/en/heritage/index.html
- 這些寺院與庭園是為了在這個世間創造出一座理想世界，接受海外的影響後由日本發展出獨自的理念所完成的建築，平泉所表現的理想世界是獨一無二的。In Hiraizumi, there is a well-preserved group of various temples and gardens that were created based on Buddihsm, particularly the thought of Pure Land Buddhism. These temples and gardens, which were an attempt to create an ideal world, were the product of both influence from abroad and unique developments achieved here in Japan. The way of representation for the ideal world based on Buddhism in Hiraizumi is very unique.
平泉文化遺產構成資產 Hiraizumi’s Cultural Heritage Structural Properties
- https://www.town.hiraizumi.iwate.jp/heritage/ch/asset/index.html
- https://www.town.hiraizumi.iwate.jp/heritage/en/asset/index.html
中尊寺 Chuson-ji
- https://www.town.hiraizumi.iwate.jp/heritage/ch/asset/chusonji.html
- https://www.town.hiraizumi.iwate.jp/heritage/en/asset/chusonji.html
- https://www.chusonji.or.jp/language_ch/index.html
- https://www.chusonji.or.jp/language_en/index.html
- 於 1124 年完成了金色堂，堂內的螺鈿與金泥畫、充滿威嚴的雕空鐵飾，將平安時代後期的工藝技術精粹展現於後世。In 1124, the Konjikidō (golden hall) was completed. The interior of the golden hall is an artistic tour de force combining and preserving the cream of twelfth century Japanese artistic technique.
- 世界遺產委員會認為「莊重貼金箔的中尊寺金色堂是從 12 世紀保存下來的唯一佛堂，反映了奧州藤原氏的巨大財富。」The World Heritage Committee said, “Chuson-ji’s Konjikidō with its heavy gold leaf is the only thing remaining from the 12th century, and reflects the enormous wealth of Oshu-Fujiwara.”
- a. 國寶 National Treasure
- 1. 金色堂 Konjikido
- 唯一一座將中尊寺創建之初的樣貌傳承至今的建築物，被指定為了第 1 號國寶建造物The Konjikido in Chuson-ji is the only one that has remained intact. It has been designated as the First National Treasure Building.
- b. 国指定重要文化財Nationally Designated Important Cultural Property
- 1. 金色堂覆堂 Konjikido Sheltering Temple
- 2. 經藏 Kyozo (Sutra Depository)
- c. 囯指定特別史跡 National (Special) Historic Sites
- 1. 中尊寺境內 Chuson-ji Keidai
- 2. 大池伽藍跡 Oike Temple Site
- d. 参拝時間 Opening Hours
- 3 / 1 – 11 / 3: 8:30 – 17:00
- 11 / 4 – 2 月末日 End of Feb.: 8:30 – 16:30
- e. 參觀費用 Admission Fees – 金色堂 Konjikido、讚衡藏 Sankozo Museum、經藏 Sutra Repository、舊覆堂 Former Konjikido ShelterHall
- 成人 Adults: 800
- 高中生 Sr. High School Students: ¥ 500
- 初中生 Jr. High School Students: ¥ 300
- 小學生 Elementary School Students: ¥ 200
- f. 所在地 Location
- 〒 029-4195 岩手県西磐井郡平泉町平泉衣関202
- Koromonoseki-202 Hiraizumi, Nishiiwai District, Iwate 029-4195
毛越寺 Motsu-ji
- https://www.town.hiraizumi.iwate.jp/heritage/ch/asset/motsuji.html
- https://www.town.hiraizumi.iwate.jp/heritage/en/asset/motsuji.html
- 身為「日本數一數二的淨土庭園」，其文化價值得到日本政府的雙重指定。庭池稱為大泉池，平安時代當時的優美作庭造園的形狀遺留至今。The temple garden of Motsu-ji has been doubly recognized as a Special Historic Site and Special Place of Scenic Beauty, a tribute to its extraordinary cultural value. The garden is centered on a pond known as Oizumigaike, an exemplar of the elegance of Heian era gardening technique.
- 世界遺產委員會對以毛越寺庭園為代表的平泉淨土庭園給予了高度評價：「例證了與淨土思想的理想同庭園、水、周邊景觀相結合這個日本自古以理念的融合」。The World Heritage Committee gave high evaluations to Hiraizumi’s Jodo gardens represented by Motsu-ji Teien with the following: “It exemplifies the fusion of Japan’s ancient concepts concerning the Jodo ideals and their connection to gardens, water, and the surrounding landscape.”
- a. 囯指定特別史跡 National Special Historic Sites
- 1. 毛越寺境內附鎮守社跡 Motsu-ji Keidai Tsuketari Chinjusha Ato
- b. 囯指定特別名勝 National Special Places of Scenic Beauty
- 1. 毛越寺庭園 Motsu-ji Garden (Teien)
観自在王院跡 Kanjizaioin Ato
- https://www.town.hiraizumi.iwate.jp/heritage/ch/asset/kanji.html
- https://www.town.hiraizumi.iwate.jp/heritage/en/asset/kanji.html
- 以舞鶴池為中心，有模仿荒磯風的石頭組列、沙洲、中島，池的北岸有大阿彌陀堂和小阿彌陀堂的遺跡。The garden is centered on Maizurugaike Pond, which is distinguished by elements representing rocky coastline and beaches, and a central island. Two Amida (Amitābha) halls were situated north of the pond, one large and one small.
- 世界遺產委員會稱觀自在王院遺跡與毛越寺、無量光院遺跡均是「作為現世佛國土(淨土)的象徵性表現而建造的資產」，給予了高度評價。The World Heritage Committee gave high evaluations to Kanjizaiō-in, Mōtsū-ji and Muryōkō-in Ato, adding that they are properties “constructed as a symbolic expression of the Buddhist Land (Jodo) in this world.”
- ※ 觀自在王院遺跡為特別史跡毛越寺境內附鎮守社遺跡的一部分。Kanjizaio-in is within the Special Historic Site of Motsu-ji.
- 囯指定名勝 National Places of Scenic Beauty – 旧観自在王院庭園 Kyukanjizaio-in Teien
無量光院跡 Muryokoin Ato
- https://www.town.hiraizumi.iwate.jp/heritage/ch/asset/muryou.html
- https://www.town.hiraizumi.iwate.jp/heritage/en/asset/muryou.html
- 囯指定特別史跡 National Special Historic Sites
- 無量光院跡是一個為了可以體驗感受到極樂淨土世界而計算設計出的空間。This carefully calculated design, which afforded visitors to the temple a virtual experience of the Western Paradise of Amida, distinguishes Muryōkō-in from its model, the Amida Hall.
- 世界遺產委員會對將無量光院作為完成形的平泉淨土庭園給予了高度評價：「與池泉、樹木、金雞山山頂關聯，周密配置佛堂，是實體化的理想之鄉的光景」。The World Heritage Committee gave high praise to the Jodo gardens of Hiraizumi that form the completed form of Muryoko-in, calling it, “a scene of an ideal town put together by carefully arranging the Buddhist monastery in connection with ponds, forests and the summit of Mt. Kinkeisan.”
金鶏山 Mt. Kinkeisan
- https://www.town.hiraizumi.iwate.jp/heritage/ch/asset/kinkei.html
- https://www.town.hiraizumi.iwate.jp/heritage/en/asset/kinkei.html
- 囯指定史跡 National Historic Sites
- 歷代的奧州藤原氏在山頂建築藏經窟的信仰之山，為建造平泉的基準。This has not been substantiated, but Hiraizumi was defended by sutras buried at Kinkei’s sacred peak by each generation of the Oshu Fujiwara clan.
- 世界遺產委員會在「平泉」的登錄決定文件中給予了高度評價，認為在平泉的淨土庭園中，毛越寺、觀自在王院遺跡、無量光院遺跡這三處聚焦神聖之山金雞山，因此其存在是平泉的巨大特徵。The World Heritage Committee gave high praise in the Certificate of Registration for “Hiraizumi” focusing on three Jodo gardens in Hiraizumi, Motsu-ji, Kanjizaio-in Ato and Muryoko-in Ato, as well as the sacred Mt. Kinkeisan, saying that their existence was a major feature of Hiraizumi.
関連資產 Related Properties
- https://hiraizumi.or.jp/ch/heritage/index.html
- https://hiraizumi.or.jp/en/heritage/index.html
- 国指定史跡 Historic Site
- 柳之御所・平泉遺跡群 Yanagi no Gosho Site、達谷窟 Takkoku no Iwaya Bishamondo Hall、骨寺村荘園遺跡 Honederamura Shoen Iseki、、白鳥舘遺跡 Shirotoritate Iseki (Shirotoritate Mansion Remains)、長者ケ原廃寺跡 Chojagaharahaiji Ato
平泉文化遺產中心 Hiraizumi Cultural Heritage Center
- https://visitiwate.com/zh-tw/article/4789
- 藤原四代治理東北地方時，其歷史時代的主要精神象徵。它是以佛教的教義為主，可以讓參觀者對「淨土思想」能夠有更深入之了解。主要是利用影像、圖解、遺跡的出土品等輔助設施，來幫助更能一系列的介紹這些時代的產物。The Hiraizumi Cultural Heritage Center was established in 2009 to document and promote the local history and heritage of Hiraizumi, including its temples and archeological sites. Many important artifacts unearthed from around Hiraizumi are exhibited here, alongside biographical information on the Oshu Fujiwara lords that ruled over Hiraizumi in its founding, and explanations of the Buddhist teachings they embraced in building the settlement and its expansive temples.
- a. 營業時間 Opening Hours: 9:00 – 17:00
- b. 公休日 Regular Holidays
- 12 / 29 – 1 / 3、更換展示時期 (不定期Irregular Holidays)
- c. 參觀費用 Admission Fee: 免費 Free
- d. 地址 Address
- 029-4102 岩手県西磐井郡平泉町平泉花立44
- 44 Hanadate, Hiraizumi, Hiraizumi Town, Nishi Iwai-gun, Iwate 029-4102
交通 Access
- a. 中尊寺 Chuson-ji
- JR 東北本線 Tohoku Main Line 平泉駅 Hiraizumi Sta. + 徒步25分 25-min walk
- b. 毛越寺 Motsu-ji
- JR 東北本線 Tohoku Main Line 平泉駅 Hiraizumi Sta. + 徒步10分 10-min walk
- c. 観自在王院跡 Kanjizaioin Ato
- JR 東北本線 Tohoku Main Line 平泉駅 Hiraizumi Sta. + 徒步10分 10-min walk
- d. 無量光院跡 Muryokoin Ato
- JR 東北本線 Tohoku Main Line 平泉駅 Hiraizumi Sta. + 徒步10分 10-min walk
- e. 金鶏山 Mt. Kinkeisan
- JR 東北本線 Tohoku Main Line 平泉駅 Hiraizumi Sta. + 徒步21分 21-min walk
- 岩手県交通 Iwateken Kotsu
- http://www.iwatekenkotsu.co.jp/ichinoseki_hiraizumi.html
- http://www.iwatekenkotsu.co.jp/rosen.html
- 平泉町巡回巴士 (バス)「るんるん」Hiraizumi Town Loop Bus “Runrun”
- https://hiraizumi.or.jp/ch/course/runrun/index.html
- 【運行期間 Operating Period】2023 / 4 / 15 – 11 / 26
- 1. JR 東北本線 Tohoku Main Line 平泉駅前 Hiraizumi Sta. – 毛越寺 Motsu-ji – 悠久の湯 Yukyu no Yu – 平泉文化遺産中心 (センター) Hiraizumi Cultural Heritage Center – 中尊寺 Chuson-ji – 高館義経堂 Takadachi – 無量光院跡Muryokoin Ato – 道の駅平泉 Roadside Station Hiraizumi – 平泉駅前 Hiraizumi Sta.
- (21)(22) 一関前沢線 Ichinoseki Maezawaku・一関平泉線 Ichinoseki Hiraizumi Line
- 2. 東北新幹線 Tohoku Shinkansen、JR 東北本線 Tohoku Main Line、大船渡線 Ofunato Line 一ノ関駅前 Ichinoseki Sta. – 山ノ目駅前 Yamanome Sta. – 毛越寺 Motsu-ji – 平泉駅前 Hiraizumi Sta. – 中尊寺 Chuson-ji
- 東日本急行 Higashi Nippon Express – 仙台駅前-平泉線 Sendai Sta.- Hiraizumi Line
- https://higashinippon.co.jp/highway/hiraizumi.html
- 3. 仙台駅 Sendai Sta. – 平泉駅前 Hiraizumi Sta. – 中尊寺 Chuson-ji
參考文獻 References