富岡製絲廠等 4 項資產促成了明治時代以後日本生絲的大規模生產，改良養蠶技術和教育機能的 2 個民間設施，一個使用風穴的蠶種儲存設施和一個蠶絲廠合作建立生絲大規模生產系統，它是法國蠶桑技術成功向日本轉移的早期範例，對 19 世紀後期的養蠶和絲綢工業的創新發揮了決定性的作用，日本成為加入工業世界行列的關鍵。絲綢廠的巨大建築是融合了西方和日本元素的獨特的日本工廠建築風格 This property is a historic sericulture and silk mill complex established in the late 19th and early 20th century in the Gunma prefecture, north-west of Tokyo. It consists of four sites that correspond to the different stages in the production of raw silk: a large raw silk reeling plant whose machinery and industrial expertise were imported from France; an experimental farm for production of cocoons; a school for the dissemination of sericulture knowledge; and a cold-storage facility for silkworm eggs. The site illustrates Japan’s desire to rapidly access the best mass production techniques, and became a decisive element in the renewal of sericulture and the Japanese silk industry in the last quarter of the 19th century. Tomioka Silk Mill and its related sites became the centre of innovation for the production of raw silk and marked Japan’s entry into the modern, industrialized era, making it the world’s leading exporter of raw silk, notably to Europe and the United States.
富岡製絲廠和絲綢產業遺產群，是指位於日本群馬縣富岡市的富岡製絲廠及其周邊古蹟，2014 年 6 月於第 38 屆世界遺產大會登錄世界文化遺產，成為日本第 14 處世界文化遺產與第 18 處世界遺產。富岡製絲廠和絲綢產業遺產群的遺產登錄範圍包含以下四處：富岡製絲廠、田島彌平舊宅、高山社跡、荒船風穴。The Tomioka Silk Mill and Related Industrial Heritage (富岡製糸場と絹産業遺産群, Tomioka seishijō to kinu sangyōisangun) is a grouping of sites that relate to the industrialization of Japan in the Meiji period, part of the industrial heritage of Japan. The Tomioka silk mill was constructed in 1872 in Gunma Prefecture, which became a leading centre for sericulture, the rearing of silkworms and production of raw silk. In 2007 the monuments were submitted jointly for inscription on the UNESCO World Heritage List under criteria ii, iv, and v. Ten component sites have been proposed (listed below). Four sites were retained in Tomioka Silk Mill and Related Sites in 2014: Tomioka Silk Mill, Tajima Yahei Sericulture Farm, Takayama-sha Sericulture School and Arafune Cold Storage.
富岡製絲廠建於 1872 年，是明治維新後第一個由日本政府官方出資建造的，並由法國人參與設計與管理的現代製絲廠。富岡製絲廠與周邊的田島家、高山社、荒船風穴合作，在群馬縣培育良種蠶、並且逐步擴大生產規模，改進生產技術，成功使日本製絲水平躋身為世界一流。富岡製絲廠的建築風格融合了日本傳統與西方的建築藝術，至今仍然保存著百年前的風貌。其先進的生產與管理技術成為日本乃至東亞絲綢工業的模範，對絲綢工業的現代化以及國際化有著相當重大影響。田島彌平舊宅是日本著名養蠶專家田島彌平於 1863 年所建造的房屋及養蠶室。田島彌平在這裡總結傳統養蠶技術，加以改進而完善了「清涼育」養蠶法。高山社跡是日本著名養蠶專家高山長五郎建造的養蠶研究與教育中心。高山長五郎發明了「清溫育」養蠶法，於1884 年成立高山社，對此方法加以推廣。1891 年建造的教育中心及蠶室成為日後日本養蠶技術的一大教育中心。荒船風穴於 1905 年至 1914 年間建造，為日本當時規模最大的蠶種儲藏風洞。荒船風穴通過利用天然岩石縫隙間的冷風貯藏蠶種，成功突破了一年只可育蠶一次的限制。富岡製絲廠和絲綢產業遺產群是日本明治維新時期工業遺產的代表，在世界工業史上具有重要意義
參考文獻 References
- 『Tomioka Silk Mill and Related Sites』UNESO
- https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1449
- 維基百科，自由的百科全書 – 富岡製絲廠和絲綢產業遺產群